As women transition through the stages of ageing, their health encompasses far more than just physical conditions.
It embodies emotional, social and economic aspects that collectively contribute to their overall well-being. True health is not merely the absence of disease; it includes dimensions of happiness, self-fulfilment and a robust sense of belonging within the community.
Recognising the significance of non-medical factors is essential, as these elements profoundly influence the quality of life experienced by older women. The interplay of medical challenges with psychosocial, economic and cultural contexts shapes the ageing journey, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive interventions and support systems.
This column delves into the myriad influences on women’s health as they age, focusing on psychosocial dynamics, economic realities and cultural contexts. Through this exploration, we advocate for holistic strategies that empower ageing women to flourish.
Hormonal changes
One of the most significant changes affecting women’s health during ageing is the shift in hormonal balance, particularly during menopause. This pivotal transition can lead to both physical and psychological alterations.
These include symptoms such as hot flashes, mood fluctuations and changes in sexual desire. These hormonal variations not only affect immediate health, but may also contribute to long-term emotional challenges and overall quality of life.
Environmental considerations
The environments in which women reside play a vital role in their health outcomes. Factors such as air quality, exposure to harmful substances, and community resources can significantly influence well-being.
This is especially so in densely-populated or economically-disadvantaged areas. It is imperative to foster safe and clean living conditions to promote sustained health in ageing populations.
Psychosocial influences
As women age, their well-being is shaped by a variety of psychosocial factors that extend beyond medical issues. These encompass emotional, social and psychological dimensions.
> Mental health and emotional resilience
Mental health is a critical determinant of women’s overall well-being. Conditions such as depression and anxiety can severely affect quality of life. Chronic stress, arising from various responsibilities, be it caregiving, financial demands or global challenges like pandemics, can also have detrimental effects on health.
However, emotional resilience can play a protective role, enabling women to cope with the challenges of ageing. Those who engage in mindfulness practices and have access to therapeutic resources are often better prepared to navigate the complexities of later life.
Programmes aimed at enhancing resilience through therapy and wellness initiatives can empower women to embrace the ageing process. Identifying stressors and developing effective coping mechanisms are also crucial to alleviating their negative influence on women’s health.
> Social connections
Social relationships are fundamental to fostering a sense of belonging, which combats feelings of loneliness and isolation. Strong bonds with family and friends not only enhance mental health, but also provide essential support.
The loss of these connections can adversely affect mental well-being, highlighting the necessity of nurturing robust social networks for ageing women.
> Navigating life transitions
Major life transitions, such as retirement or the loss of loved ones, can significantly impact psychological well-being. While some may face difficulties in redefining their identities, others may discover avenues for personal growth.
A strong support system and active engagement in new pursuits often lead to enhanced satisfaction in the later years of life. Preparing for such transitions can foster a sense of agency and contribute positively to overall well-being.
Economic influences
Economic considerations are paramount to the overall health of ageing women, with elements such as financial autonomy, workplace dynamics and resource accessibility playing significant roles.
> Financial independence in later life
Achieving financial independence is vital for women as they age. However, they often confront unique challenges, such as the gender pay gap, resulting in lower lifetime earnings and insufficient retirement savings, thereby increasing susceptibility to poverty.
Considering that women tend to outlive men, extensive financial planning is necessary to address healthcare, housing and daily living costs. Financial literacy programmes are essential in equipping women to make informed decisions about their economic futures.
> Navigating workplace dynamics
The workplace environment heavily influences women’s economic well-being as they age. Interruptions in careers due to caregiving responsibilities can stymie professional advancement, leading to financial precarity.
Age-related biases also present significant barriers to employment for older women. Creating inclusive workspaces, with policies that promote flexibility and support for career development, is critical to ensuring economic security for ageing women.
> Accessing resources and support systems
Access to vital resources, including healthcare, housing and financial advice, is essential for the well-being of ageing women. Marginalised groups often encounter significant hurdles in accessing these resources, which can adversely affect their quality of life.
Community initiatives that focus on financial education and health services can empower women to navigate the complexities of ageing more effectively.
Cultural and societal influences
The experience of ageing is profoundly shaped by cultural and societal factors that affect women’s self-perception and the support systems available to them.
> Cultural attitudes
Cultural perspectives on ageing can vary widely. In some societies, older women may face stigma and a sense of invisibility, leading to feelings of inadequacy.
Conversely, in cultures that celebrate ageing as a time of wisdom, women often find a renewed sense of purpose. Advocating for positive narratives can empower women to view ageing as a valuable and enriching phase of life.
> Media representation
Media representation significantly influences societal perceptions of ageing women. Often portrayed as frail or irrelevant, these stereotypes can damage self-esteem.
However, a growing movement seeks to present diverse and resilient images of older women, fostering a cultural environment that values their contributions at every stage of life.
> Community support
Community support is crucial in enhancing the well-being of ageing women. Social engagement initiatives, such as mentorship programmes and women’s groups, can alleviate feelings of isolation and empower individuals to connect with one another.
Programmes that promote skill development and health education equip women to tackle the challenges of ageing, fostering supportive networks.
A future of empowerment and dignity
The journey of ageing for women encompasses a complex interplay of influences that extend well beyond medical considerations. Emotional resilience, economic stability and cultural attitudes play significant roles in shaping their experiences.
Future strategies must integrate both medical and non-medical factors, acknowledging the complexities of ageing. A holistic approach is essential, prioritising social connectedness, economic empowerment and positive representation to enhance the quality of life for ageing women.
Ultimately, the ageing process should be characterised by empowerment, dignity and fulfilment, ensuring that every woman has the opportunity to thrive in her later years.
By Datuk Dr Nor Ashikin Mokhtar
Published in Star Newspaper, 27 Jan 2025
